[28] The acceleration experienced in February 2011 would "totally flatten" most world cities, causing massive loss of life; in Christchurch, New Zealand's stringent building codes limited the disaster. [81] Both Our City and the Civic are on the register of Heritage New Zealand. Statistics New Zealand expects Christchurch's population growth rate to return to pre-earthquake levels. The earthquake had a magnitude of 6.3 on the Richter scale. SuperSealing’s task was to help prevent road and pathway erosion that had suffered extensive wash … In 2013, it was announced that the tower and ball would be restored, and that funds were to be sought from the community to rebuild the rest of the station. Trajectories of posttraumatic growth and depreciation after two major earthquakes. They took into account a technical investigation undertaken by the Department of Building and Housing. The fault which the Christchurch quake of 2011 occurred on was unknown before the event. Soil liquefaction and surface flooding also occurred. [47] Road surfaces were forced up by liquefaction, and water and sand were spewing out of cracks. [205], On the day of the earthquake, the main secondary school teachers' union, the Post Primary Teachers Association, had arranged a paid union meeting to be held that afternoon for members in the Christchurch area. [258][262] It's thought that natural disasters, such as earthquakes, are able to induce these positive effects because they affect an entire community, in comparison to an event that targets only an individual. [235], The chief executive of Statistics New Zealand, Geoff Bascand, announced on 25 February that the national census planned for 8 March 2011 would not take place due to the disruption and displacement of people in the Canterbury region, and also the damage sustained by Statistics New Zealand's buildings in Christchurch, which was scheduled to process much of the census. The earthquake's epicentre was at 43.58 degrees S and 172.68 degrees E, the devastating earthquake was caused by a hidden fault (Port Hills Fault) that had shifted. This meant most secondary schools in the city had closed early that day and most students had returned home before the earthquake hit, by coincidence limiting potential casualties. [20], GNS Science stated that the earthquake arose from the rupture of an 8 km x 8 km fault running east-northeast at a depth of 1–2 km beneath the southern edge of the Avon-Heathcote Estuary and dipping southwards at an angle of about 65 degrees from the horizontal beneath the Port Hills. [55] As of February 2015, there had been 1240 demolitions within the four avenues since the September 2010 earthquakes. Given It also covers land damage within 8 metres of a home; this coverage is uncapped. [23] This is the highest PGA ever recorded in New Zealand; the highest reading during the September 2010 event was 1.26g, recorded near Darfield. This is the cause the 2011 New Zealand earthquake. [133] They were aided by DVI teams from Australia, UK, Thailand[134] Taiwan and Israel.[133]. The Transforming boundary was involved in the Christchurch earthquakes. JPMorgan Chase & Co say the total overall losses related to this earthquake may be US$12 billion. The 6.3-magnitude earthquake may have been an aftershock of the 7.1-magnitude 4 September 2010 Canterbury earthquake. The USGS said the recent earthquakes are caused by the lateral movement of the edges of one of these regional faults in a process known as "strike-slip" faulting. The February earthquake occurred during lunchtime on a weekday when the CBD was busy, and many buildings were already weakened from the previous quakes. Official visitation teams were organised by Civil Defence and there were engineers or assessors from EQC. [193], A national memorial service was held on 18 March at North Hagley Park, coinciding with a one-off provincial holiday for Canterbury, which required the passing of the Canterbury Earthquake Commemoration Day Act 2011 to legislate. [92] The town's historic Timeball Station was extensively damaged, adding to damage from the preceding earthquake in September 2010. This was the second major earthquake to hit the city; the previous quake occurred on 4 September 2010 and registered at a 7.1 magnitude. The EQC further limits its own risk by taking out cover with a number of large reinsurance companies, for example Munich Re. Several aftershocks were reported, some registering at a 5.6 magnitude. ... Thousands of aftershocks followed the 22 February 2011 quake, some large enough to cause additional damage. Thousands of portaloos and chemical toilets from throughout New Zealand and overseas were brought into the city. The quarter final matches were moved to Auckland. [28] Although the rupture was subsurface, satellite images indicated that the net displacement of the land south of the fault was 50 cm westwards and upwards; the land movement would have been greater during the earthquake. [84][85][86], Several other churches were seriously damaged, including: Knox Presbyterian Church, St Luke's Anglican Church, Durham Street Methodist Church, St Paul's-Trinity-Pacific Presbyterian Church, Oxford Terrace Baptist Church, Holy Trinity Avonside and Holy Trinity, Lyttelton. [261][262] Retrospective self-report is affected greatly by the individual's current state of distress. [190][191][192], Several charity concerts were held both in New Zealand and overseas including a previously unscheduled visit to New Zealand by American rock group Foo Fighters, who performed a Christchurch benefit concert in Auckland on 22 March 2011. [62] The reinforced concrete building had been constructed in 1963–1964. The Christchurch Earthquake (2011) Home; Causes ; Impacts ; Mitigation; References; Casualties, Damages and Other Effects. In March 2011 the government established The Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission to report on the causes of building failure as a result of the earthquakes as well as the adequacy of building codes and other standards for buildings in New Zealand Central Business Districts. Fergusson, D.M., Boden, J.M., Horwood, L.J., & Mulder, R.T. (2015). A second team of 70 from Queensland, Queensland Task Force 1, (including three sniffer dogs),was sent the following day on board a RAAF C-17 . That would make it the third most costly earthquake event in history, after the 2011 Japan and 1994 California earthquakes. Posttraumatic stress symptoms in Police Staff 12–18 months after the Canterbury earthquakes. Land around the fault, in the Port Hills, in Cashmere and in the seaside suburbs, rose, fell and slid. The New Zealand Fire Service coordinated search and rescue, with support from the Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) teams from New Zealand, Australia, United Kingdom, United States, Japan, Taiwan, China and Singapore, totalling 150 personnel from New Zealand and 429 from overseas. [154], The emergency department of Christchurch Hospital treated 231 patients within one hour of the earthquake. We will be working alongside them to give as much relief and assistance to New Zealand as we possibly can. [258][262] Those with relatively high exposure to earthquake damage show an increase in positive effects, including an increase in personal strength, growth in social relationships, the bringing of families closer, and realizing what's important in life. The city of Christchurch experienced a major earthquake centred south of the city; severe damage and casualties occurred. "[186], Barack Obama, President of the United States, issued a statement from the White House Press Office on the disaster by way of an official announcement that "On behalf of the American people, Michelle and I extend our deepest condolences to the people of New Zealand and to the families and friends of the victims in Christchurch, which has suffered its second major earthquake in just six months... As our New Zealand friends move forward, may they find some comfort and strength in knowing that they will have the enduring friendship and support of many partners around the world, including the United States." not including outlying urban areas from other districts, Christchurch continues to have a significantly larger population over Wellington.[239][240]. The total number of claims for the two events was expected to be 250,000, as Brownlee explained that many of the claims were "overlapping". [88], On 7 March, Prime Minister John Key said that around 10,000 houses would need to be demolished, and liquefaction damage meant that some parts of Christchurch could not be rebuilt on. [208], The UC CEISMIC Canterbury Earthquakes Digital Archive programme was established in 2011 by University of Canterbury Professor Paul Millar. Road surfaces were forced up by liquefaction, and water and sand were spewing out of cracks. Evidence from research on the Christchurch earthquakes reveals that increased trauma exposure is not exclusively correlated with negative outcomes. The cost of the rebuild is set to be $16 million. In September 2010, Christchurch was shaken by the magnitude 7.1 Darfield earthquake, caused by movement along faults west of the city on the Canterbury Plains. One of the plates will become higher than the other and cause the land to not only move away horizontally but vertically as well. The earthquake was caused by the two plates being forced together for a long time. [59] A government report later found that the building's construction was faulty and should not have been approved. Surgenor, L.J., Snell, D.L., & Dorathy, M.L. The earthquake’s epicentre was located some 25 miles (40 km) west of Christchurch near the town of Darfield, and the focus was located about 6 miles (10 km) beneath the surface. By Peter Drew A report by the New Zealand Earthquake Commission adds to speculation and mysteries surrounding possible foreknowledge of the Christchurch earthquake in 2011 What really happened with the Christchurch earthquake which decimated the city in February 2011? Three RNZAF Bell UH-1H Iroquois helicopters were also used to transport Police, VIP's and aid to locations around Christchurch. The BBC's Jonathan Amos looks at what caused the Christchurch earthquake and why it did more damage than last year's more powerful quake. [219] The plans were confirmed in February 2013, with seven schools closing, 10 schools merging into five (not including the overturned Phillipstown-Woolston merger), and three high schools taking on additional year levels. The 2011 Chrischurch earthquake was caused by movement of the Oceanic Plate and the Antarctic Plate. The population loss caused by the earthquake reversed this, with the Wellington main urban area back in second position. [256][257][260] It is predicted that the people who are displaced experience the worst of the damage, and therefore the reported levels of PTSD and depression are often lower than they would have been had the displaced citizens been available to collect data from. [183] Twenty Chinese students were reported missing following the quake. [201], On 29 March 2011, Prime Minister John Key and Christchurch Mayor Bob Parker announced the creation of the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) to manage the earthquake recovery, co-operating with the government, local councils and residents, under chief executive John Ombler. [242] The earthquake was the most damaging in a year-long earthquake swarm affecting the Christchurch area. [7] Fire-fighting and recovery operations resumed that night,[58] later joined by a Japanese search and rescue squad. Perceptions of distress and positive consequences following exposure to a major disaster amongst a well-studied cohort. Christchurch earthquakes of 2010–11, series of tremors that occurred within and near the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, and the Canterbury Plains region from early September 2010 to late December 2011. On 23 February, Hotel Grand Chancellor, Christchurch's tallest hotel, was reported to be on the verge of collapse. 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